Issue No.2412- If Muslims fear that the enemies have plotted to conquer the Muslim countries directly, or indirectly through their agents inside or outside of the Islamic territory, it is obligatory upon all mature [1] persons to stand up against them and use every available means to defend Muslim countries.
Issue No.2413- If there is fear that through the expansion of political, economical and commercial influence, the enemies might dominate Islamic countries, it is incumbent on all Muslims to stop their influence and prevent their agents. Also in establishing political relationship with non-Muslim countries, it is necessary that it should be in a manner that it would not result in the weakness and incapability of Muslims, or their captivity at the hand of enemies, nor should it result in economic and trade dependency.
Issue No.2414- Enjoining good deeds and forbidding from evil actions are incumbent on all sane and mature persons based on the following conditions:1) A person wishing to enjoin good and forbid evil must be certain that the other party is committing a haram act or abandoning an obligatory act.2) He should consider it probable that the enjoining good and forbidding from bad are effective, should the effect be immediate or slow and complete or partial. Hence, if he knows that it would not have any effect, it is not obligatory.3) There should not be any corruption and harm in the enjoining good and forbidding from bad. Therefore, if one knows or fears that enjoining and forbidding will harm his life or his honour or it will cause substantial financial damage to him or to someone else, then it is not obligatory to do so. However, if good deeds and evil acts are among the things that are of paramount importance in Islam, like safeguarding Islam and the Holy Qur'an, the independence of Islamic countries or the protection of the indisputable Islamic laws, then in such cases, one should pay no heed to the harm or the loss and he should endeavour to guard and protect them by sacrificing his life and devoting his wealth.
Issue No.2415- If a bid‘ah (innovation) is laid in Islam (such as mischiefs committed by some corrupt governments under the banner of Islam), it is obligatory upon all Muslims especially the scholars (‘ulamā) to declare the truth and to denounce the falsehood. And if the silence of the scholars leads to degradation of the position of ‘ilm (knowledge) or it may cause others to have suspicion towards Muslim scholars, expressing the truth, in any way possible, is obligatory, though they may know that it would not be effective.
Issue No.2416- If it is reasonably probable that silence may lead to an evil act becoming a good act or a good act becoming an evil one, it is obligatory upon all Muslims in general and scholars in particular to express and declare the truth, and silence is not permissible.
Issue No.2419- There are different stages of enjoining good deeds and forbidding from bad acts some of which do not require the permission of the Mujtahid or his representative and some do. That which does not require the Mujtahid’s permission is enjoining good deeds with the tongue and heart, and by way of giving advice or turning away one’s attention to the person concerned and cutting off relations with him, and if it does not help, it is permitted to stop the sinner with harsh and rough words which are devoid of sin and it would also be permissible to use force or take away from him the means of committing sins. However, enjoining good deeds and forbidding from bad ones may require a person to resort to beating and wounding or destroying properties or doing acts worse than that, in this case, permission of the Mujtahid or his representative is necessary; no one is allowed to take such actions without his permission. In fact, the action itself, the extent, and limits of it should be ascertained by the verdict of the Mujtahid or his representative.
Issue No. 2420- The money which is deposited by people as current account with banks has the form of an interest-free loan (qarzul hasanah) to banks in which they may withdraw their savings in the bank whenever they wish to. However, it would be haraam to lay down a condition for interest while depositing the money and in that case, the loan is void too and the bank does not have the right of disposal over it.
Issue No. 2421- People’s short term and long term deposits with banks and the interest which is given to them by the banks will be halal provided that it has been in accordance with the Islamic criteria and through Islamic contracts and agreements e.g. Muzaribah, partnership etc., and that the depositor should be sure or should consider it highly probable that, as an agent of the client, the bank carries out these agreements in an Islamic manner. However, if he is sure that these are only formal procedures and it is only on paper, that interest is haraam.
Issue No. 2422- What people get from banks as loan etc. and repay an additional amount to them will be halal if the transaction has taken place in an Islamic way and if it is not based on interest.
Issue No. 2424- There is no harm in receiving interest from foreign and non-Muslim banks. However, it is haraam to get it from Muslim Banks.
Issue No. 2429- The promissory note or bill of exchange, which is current among the businessmen, is not real money and does not carry any value by itself, but it is used as a sort of evidence of loan. Hence, a transaction does not take place with it, and it is of two kinds: 1- The real promissory note that a debtor gives to the creditor against his debt. 2. The friendly promissory note that a person gives to another person, without having any debts against it, and he means that the second person can give the promissory note to a third person and after deducting some, he can get the rest as cash. Also, a cheque is of two kinds like a promissory note: 1- Real cheque which can be cashed within a period of time and it is used in exchange for a commodity. However, a cheque which is payable at maturity time can be sold back to the debtor or to a third person for a lesser price. 2 – Friendly cheque which is not in exchange for a debt, in which case, there is harm in selling it.
Issue No. 2430- If a person exchanges “the real promissory note” for an amount less than that, for example, a $100.00 promissory note which is for a period of three months, he exchanges it for $90.00 cash, in other words, if a creditor sells a $100.00 note, which he has to realize from the debtor, for $90.00 in cash, there is no harm in this sort of transaction of promissory note and it is termed as ‘discount of the promissory note’. However, transaction on the friendly promissory note is not free of problem (harm), because no real debt is involved in it, and none of the ways suggested to solve this problem are free of problems.
